Since the original regulations finalized almost 30 years ago, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has published two proposed rules and held numerous meetings, collecting more than 1.5 million comments from individuals and groups since 2010, as technology expanded oil and gas development.

The final rule covers the goals to ensure wells are properly constructed to protect water supplies, fluids flowing back to the surface due to hydraulic fracturing operations are managed in an environmentally responsible way, and to provide public disclosure of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing fluids. The final rule goes further to  provide:

1. Increased public awareness of where hydraulic fracturing has occurred, the existence of other wells or geologic faults or fractures in the area, and communication of chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing process.
2. Clearer and stronger rules related to well construction, well integrity and technology developments.
3. Alignment of state and tribal authorities with regard to water zones requiring protection.
4. Opportunities to coordinate standards and processes with individual states and tribes to reduce costs, increase efficiencies and promote the development of more stringent standards by state and tribal governments.

With this new rule, the BLM establishes the following new requirements:

1. Submission of detailed information on proposed operations, including wellbore geology, fault and fracture locations, depths of usable water, estimated fluid volumes to be used, and estimated length and direction of fractures to the BLM.
2. Casing and cementing programs that follow best management practices and meets performance standards to protect usable water.
3. Cement operations monitoring during well construction.
4. Remedial action taken when any indication of inadequate cementing and reporting success to BLM.
5. Successful mechanical integrity tests completed prior to hydraulic fracturing operations.
6. Annulus pressure monitoring during hydraulic fracturing operations.
7. “Produced water” storage must be in above-ground tanks, with very limited exceptions of lined pits usage.
8. Chemical disclosure to BLM and the public, with limited exceptions for trade secrets, with the use of FracFocus.
9. Documentation to BLM of all above listed requirements.

The final rule can be viewed here or on the US Dept. of Interior Bureau of Land Management website.